Instructions - vs_2_0

This section contains reference information for the vertex shader version 2_0 instructions.

There are several types of vertex shader instructions, as shown in the table. Columns to the right mean the following:

Instruction slots - Number of instruction slots used by each instruction.
Setup - Non-arithmetic instructions. Every shader must have a version instruction and it must be the first instruction.
Arithmetic - These instructions provide the mathematical operations in a shader.
Macro-ops - These instructions combine arithmetic instructions to provide higher level functionality. The use of macro-ops is optional. It is preferable to use macro-ops, especially the matrix multiply instructions (m3x2, m3x3, m3x4, m4x3, m4x4), because they provide optimization opportunities to the underlying implementation.
Flow control - These instructions add flow control capabilities such as loop...endloop, if...else...endif, and subroutine calls.
New - These instructions are new to this version.

Instruction Set

Name	Description	Instruction slots	Setup	Arithmetic	Macro-ops	Flow control	New
abs	Absolute value	1		x			x
add	Add two vectors	1		x
call	Call a subroutine	2				x	x
callnz	Call a subroutine if not zero	3				x	x
crs	Cross product	2		x			x
dcl_usage	Declare input vertex registers (see Registers - vs_2_0)	0	x
def	Define a floating-point constant	0	x
defb	Define a Boolean constant	0	x				x
defi	Define an integer constant	0	x				x
dp3	Three-component dot product	1		x
dp4	Four-component dot product	1		x
dst	Calculate a distance vector	1		x
else	Begin an else block	1		x		x	x
endif	End an if...else block	1				x	x
endloop	End of a loop block	2				x	x
endrep	End of a repeat block	2				x	x
exp	Full precision 2^x	1			x
expp	Partial precision 2^x	1			x		x
frc	Fractional component	1			x
if	Begin an if block	3				x	x
label	Label	0				x	x
lit	Partial lighting calculation	3		x
log	Full precision log₂(x)	1			x
logp	Partial precision log₂(x)	1			x
loop	Loop	3				x	x
lrp	Linear interpolation	2			x		x
m3x2	3x2 matrix multiply	2			x
m3x3	3x3 matrix multiply	3			x
m3x4	3x4 matrix multiply	4			x
m4x3	4x3 matrix multiply	3			x
m4x4	4x4 matrix multiply	4			x
mad	Multiply and add	1		x
max	Maximum	1		x
min	Minimum	1		x
mov	Move	1		x
mova	Move data from a floating point register to the address register (a0)	1		x			x
mul	Multiply	1		x
nop	No operation	1		x
nrm	Normalize a 4-D vector	3			x		x
pow	x^y	3			x		x
rcp	Reciprocal	1		x
rep	Repeat	3				x	x
ret	End of either a subroutine or main	1				x	x
rsq	Reciprocal square root	1		x
sge	Greater than or equal compare	1		x
sgn	Sign	3			x		x
sincos	Sine and cosine	8			x		x
slt	Less than compare	1		x
vs	Vertex shader version	0	x